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When Beauregard Burgess and three friends decided to start a hog and poultry farm in 2015, they chose an odd location: 20 acres of swampy land on the east side of Homer, Alaska, a coastal hamlet south of Anchorage. The land, logged years ago, was in an industrial part of town, and its soil was in poor health. That anemia was part of the appeal for Burgess and his colleagues, who wanted to raise livestock in a way that would add nutrients and beneficial microbes to the ground, restore the local ecosystem, and improve the local food scene. 

Today, Blood, Sweat, and Food Farms is something of an oasis. Its lush pastures are just down the road from auto shops, lots crowded with heavy equipment, and heaps of gravel. Burgess and his partners have turned the lot’s acidic, water-logged earth into a rich humus, and they’ve done so in an organic, regenerative way — that is, without synthetic chemicals. Such an achievement has involved a number of innovations and tactics, from building bioswales that limit flooding to spreading nutrient-rich compost across fields. But one tool in particular stands out: biochar — a jet-black substance made by roasting plant matter, like wood, in an oxygen-deprived environment. 

The glorified charcoal is rare on American farms, yet it has become a focal point in the movement to turn agriculture into a climate solution. Biochar can lock up planet-warming carbon for hundreds, sometimes thousands of years, and unlike other, higher-tech technologies that suck carbon out of the air, it’s relatively straightforward and accessible. 

“Look at the playing field. What else is out there that’s commercially viable right now?” said Kathleen Draper, board chair at the International Biochar Initiative. “The reality is: It’s a shovel-ready technology.” 

As a result, Microsoft, JPMorgan Chase, Shopify, and other corporations trying to burnish their image as climate-conscious are paying biochar producers <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/ancient-farming-practice-draws-cash-from-carbon-credits-a803aee1">millions of dollars</a> so that they can claim credit for the carbon that’s locked up in the soot and not in the atmosphere heating the Earth. Biochar now accounts for the vast majority of the carbon dioxide that has supposedly been removed from the air after being purchased by companies seeking to offset their planet-warming emissions, according to <a href="http://cdr.fyi/">cdr.fyi</a>, a website that tracks carbon removal data.

Still, it could be years before biochar fulfills its promise, if it ever does; only a small fraction of the amount that would meaningfully chip away at global emissions is currently being produced. And there’s no easy answer for how to scale it up. 
<figure role="group"><img alt="Alaska farmer makes biochar - potential climate solutions" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="4ad605cf-8805-486f-a772-8f1f9f4cafeb" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/Alaska%20farmer%20makes%20biochar.png" width="1500" height="1080" loading="lazy" /><figcaption>Beau Burgess stands in front of the biochar retort, an airtight tank, at Blood, Sweat, and Food Farms. (Image credit: Grist/Max Graham)</figcaption></figure>Farmers have used charred plant matter for millennia to improve soils. In the Amazon rainforest, known for its nutrient-poor dirt, archeologists have dug up pockets of unusually dark, fecund earth, commonly referred to as <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/terra-preta">terra preta</a>. Those soils likely were made fertile thanks to intentional burning and the proliferation of a biochar-like substance thousands of years ago. The porous, spongelike material can act like a steroid for soil. It gives dirt structure, which helps bacteria and fungi latch onto it and make nutrients available for plants. And when it rains, biochar keeps soil from <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36758699/#:~:text=Our%20results%20demonstrate%20substantial%20potential,%3B%20Soil%20hydrology%3B%20Soil%20mechanism.">shedding</a> off fields.

But that’s not why it has seen a resurgence in the United States. Two decades ago, when the world was awakening to the dangers of climate change, scientists became interested in the soil soot as a tool for carbon sequestration. The carbon that plants pull out of the air typically winds up back in the atmosphere, where it traps heat and warms the planet. Generally, plant matter either decomposes — say, as corn husks left in farm fields or food waste in a landfill — in which case microbes convert carbon into carbon dioxide; or it gets burned, sometimes for fuel or to get rid of waste wood.

Researchers have found that the process of turning wood, twigs, or leaves into biochar, through a procedure called pyrolysis, could turn about <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301421511001236?via%3Dihub">half</a> of that matter’s original carbon content into a stable form that could stay in the ground for centuries. A <a href="https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jeq2.20475">study</a> published in March in the Journal of Environmental Quality also found that using biochar, which helps keep nutrients like nitrogen in the ground, could cut planet-warming nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture by almost one-fifth.  

“Our objective is to try to use biomass that would otherwise be rapidly decomposing [and] doesn’t have other utility,” said Charlotte Levy, a science advisor at Carbon180, a nonprofit that advocates for carbon removal. “One opportunity we see for that is to use corn stubble that gets left in the field.” The United States produces some <a href="https://www.nass.usda.gov/Newsroom/2023/01-12-2023.php#:~:text=U.S.%20corn%20growers%20produced%2013.7,of%20176.7%20bushels%20per%20acre.">14 billion bushels</a> of corn every year. Some of the husks, stems, and cobs left over could be turned into biochar and added back into the soil. 

Burgess’s team at the farm in Alaska makes their biochar out of waste wood, rather than inedible corn parts, in a cylindrical steel tank the size of a small car. The wood comes from a local land-clearing company, co-owned by Burgess, that supplies logs that can’t be used for construction or firewood. “The things that end up as biochar on our farm were the things that could achieve no other higher purpose,” Burgess said. 

Blood, Sweat, and Food has the capacity to roast wood into about 200 pounds of biochar each day. While they mainly mix the finished product with feed for their chickens and pigs, which do the work of spreading the char around fields by pooping it, they’re also starting to sell it to nurseries, greenhouses, and other farmers around Alaska, Burgess said. 

Making biochar a global climate solution — the sort hoped for by the United Nations’ <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGIII_FullReport.pdf">Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change</a>  — will require producing it on a much larger scale. The amount of biochar being produced in the U.S. — 100,000 metric tons — is <a href="https://civileats.com/2022/12/06/is-this-biochars-big-carbon-rich-moment/">tiny</a> compared to the amount needed to sequester carbon in a globally significant way.  By one estimate, biochar could offset the equivalent of up to three gigatons of carbon dioxide each year by 2050. That’s roughly the <a href="https://www.epa.gov/energy/greenhouse-gas-equivalencies-calculator#results">same as shutting down 800 coal plants</a>. To get there, producers would have to ramp up worldwide production <a href="https://drawdown.org/solutions/biochar-production">drastically</a>.

And even if producers do manage to ramp up production that much, there’s the risk that it would undo some of its benefits, particularly if the industry shifts to growing plants specifically for the purpose of making biochar. That could lead down a path paved by <a href="https://grist.org/agriculture/despite-what-you-may-think-ethanol-isnt-dead-yet/">biofuels</a> like corn ethanol, which has morphed into such a big business that much of the corn grown in the United States never ends up on dinner tables.

As soon as you start converting forests or fields into rows of crops with the aim of producing biochar, “you get into a lot more complicated questions,” said Levy. At that point, if you factor in the greenhouse gas emissions caused by the changes in land use (say, logging), then biochar may help worsen climate change, not solve it. 

But the nascent industry isn’t anywhere near that point, Draper said. At the moment, she said, there’s enough plant waste already out there to make a dent in emissions without growing more crops. While there’s significant demand for biochar on the carbon market, industry proponents are trying to generate more interest among farmers and other businesses, like <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42773-022-00182-x">concrete companies</a> that are adding the soot to asphalt to make their product less carbon-intensive or governments that could pour it into <a href="https://apnews.com/article/science-politics-colorado-state-government-business-55e5f50bd1cb26584c2bd45088dcc6a4">abandoned oil and gas wells</a>.

There aren’t enough farmers actually using biochar to meet the demand generated by companies keen on buying the carbon credits associated with the charcoal. “The hiccup right now,” Draper said, “is that all of the investors want to know who’s buying the biochar and for how much.”
<figure role="group"><img alt="pig works the land at Alaska farm" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="2a0a2775-6636-4934-80cc-483eec191237" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/pig%20works%20the%20land%20at%20Alaska%20farm.png" width="1500" height="1071" loading="lazy" /><figcaption>A pig works the soil at Blood, Sweat, and Food Farms. (Image credit: Grist/Max Graham)</figcaption></figure>Part of the challenge is that biochar doesn’t exactly fit into the standard American farming curriculum. It’s neither a fertilizer nor a pesticide, and it doesn’t supercharge crop production. “It’s not something that’s likely to double yield,” said Milton McGiffen, a cooperative extension specialist and agricultural researcher at the University of California, Riverside. Still, McGiffen said, biochar’s benefits are clear, particularly when it’s added to soils that have a lot of sand or clay and struggle to hold onto water and nutrients.

Another challenge is that not all biochar is equal. How it’s made, and how it’s applied to soil, can affect how it works, said Rachel Seman-Varner, a soil scientist at the American Farmland Trust. “Biochar started to be promoted as a single solution and a silver bullet, and it’s much more nuanced than that,” she said. “A lot of people are trying to shift toward understanding that biochar is a class of products.” 

Char made by roasting corn husks at 900 degrees Fahrenheit, for instance, won’t have the same properties as wood that’s broiled at 1,400 degrees F. Researchers at the U.S. Department of Agriculture are putting together a national database to help farmers choose from the <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-fs8gaxnmNk">many different types</a> of biochar and connect them with local producers, and Congress is weighing legislation with bipartisan support — the Biochar Research Network Act — that would increase funding for similar research.      

As proponents work to make the advantages of biochar more widely known to farmers, Burgess’s approach might offer some realism, and hope.

“For us, it’s not so much that biochar or pasture-based livestock or any of this is a panacea,” he said. It’s just a small way to limit waste, produce local food, and perhaps keep some carbon in the ground, too. 

This article originally appeared in <a href="https://grist.org/agriculture/biochar-climate-technology-scale-up-pigs/" target="_blank">Grist</a>. Grist is a nonprofit, independent media organization dedicated to telling stories of climate solutions and a just future. Learn more at <a href="https://grist.org/">Grist.org</a>.
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Biochar is a ‘Shovel-Ready’ Climate Solution, But Is It Ready to Scale? 

<a href="https://www.patagonia.com/yulex-natural-rubber-wetsuits/" target="_blank">The latest iteration</a> of Patagonia wetsuits could change the way we think about outdoor gear. Made with sustainability, repairability and recyclability in mind, the brand's line of Yulex wetsuits launched this month represent a strong departure from the single-season neoprene version that dominates the market. The company isn’t gatekeeping, either. It’s hoping to encourage other manufacturers to follow suit.

<h2>The problem with wetsuits</h2>

“Conventional wetsuits are made with polychloroprene,” said Mackenzie Warner, a material developer at Patagonia. Also known as neoprene, the <a href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/50.20/pollution-tiny-bits-of-plastic-permeate-our-world" target="_blank">synthetic rubber pollutes waterways</a>, languishes in landfills and never biodegrades. Worst of all, producing it creates cancer-causing chemicals that are devastating the community surrounding the <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/justice-department-to-compel-denka-plant-reduce-emissions-rcna72685" target="_blank">only U.S. chloroprene manufacturer</a>. 

Wetsuits aren’t the only consumer item made from neoprene, nor is the chloroprene plant the only petrochemical factory releasing toxic chemicals in the Louisiana region known as <a href="https://www.propublica.org/article/welcome-to-cancer-alley-where-toxic-air-is-about-to-get-worse" target="_blank">Cancer Alley</a>. But the outdoor industry’s contribution to a cancer rate that is <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/aug/10/cancer-alley-louisiana-attorney-general-epa-lawyers-formosa" target="_blank">50 times higher</a> than the national average is undeniable.

“No home in the community around [the] plant has been untouched by cancer,” Chris Nelson and Lewis Arnold, both surfers and journalists, wrote in <a href="https://nordicsurfersmag.se/2023/02/22/the-truth-about-neoprene-and-the-toxic-nature-of-wetsuits/" target="_blank">Nordic Surfers Mag</a>. With a population that is over 90 percent Black, the situation reeks of environmental racism. 

<h2>A better rubber</h2>

Patagonia started designing wetsuits in 2008 and introduced the first suits made from Yulex eight years later. “As a brand, we wanted to get into wetsuits to show that it can be done in a better way … meaning less impact, less harmful material usage, and a better product in the long run,” Corey Simpson, communications manager at Patagonia, told TriplePundit. That upstream approach resulted in better repairability, functionality and durability for the user.

<a href="https://www.yulex.com/our-story" target="_blank">The company behind the Yulex material</a> got its start by sourcing natural rubber from a desert plant called guayule. “I was actually working in a retail store here that was next to the headquarters. And this guy came in wearing a backpack and … takes out this huge blob of rubber. But it was clear rubber. It looked really clean. And he's like, ‘This is the future of your wetsuits,'” Simpson recounted. “That led us into our first natural rubber wetsuit. Since [then], it has just been a constant crank to get more refined materials and have higher and higher output with the least environmental impact as possible.”

That search for better materials led to the hevea tree, which can be tapped for its natural rubber. “That rubber is then purified to eliminate like 99 percent of the impurities and proteins and allergens that are in the natural rubber. And then, at the end of that process, you get what is called Yulex Pure,” Warner said. 
<figure role="group"><img alt="A hevea tree tapped to produce rubber latex at a farm in Guatemala. " data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="d0249093-8f68-418d-a743-e5cbcc19458b" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/credit_%20Tim%20Davis%20%283%29.jpg" width="1500" height="1002" loading="lazy" /><figcaption>A hevea tree tapped to harvest rubber latex at a Forest Stewardship Council certified farm in Finca Palafox, Guatemala. (Image: Tim Davis) </figcaption></figure>The Yulex Pure material is <a href="https://us.fsc.org/en-us/certification" target="_blank">Forest Stewardship Council certified</a>, according to creator <a href="https://www.yulex.com/responsibility" target="_blank">Yulex Corp</a>. That means the forest the trees are grown in is responsibly managed to promote biodiversity and prevent deforestation while providing social and economic benefits. 

Yulex natural rubber is not unique to the Patagonia brand. The company does not own a patent or the rights to the material. Rather, it's looking to encourage as many competitors as possible to make the switch to Yulex in the interest of sustainability. Another surf label, <a href="https://www.yulex.com/the-seea-case-study" target="_blank">The Seea</a>, also makes Yulex wetsuits and has since 2018. 

“We understand that there's no other really clean supply chain. And we've spent so much time, energy, and money vetting this and really being able to scale the supply chain that it's like, ‘Hey, we've got this now, capitalize off of our leg work, please take this and then run with it,’” Simpson said. “Please utilize this technology, please use this supply chain.”

<h2>Beyond a single season</h2>

Between the sun, salt water and overall harsh conditions, most wetsuits are only designed to last through a single surf season. But Patagonia has taken a more sustainable approach to this, as well. “We really strive to have our wetsuits last for multiple seasons and years,” Warner said. “To do that, we want to put high-quality fabric on the interior and exterior lining.” 

For now, that means continuing to use nylon in the lining of the wetsuits, which runs the risk of shedding microfibers. “With any fiber, of course, there's a concern of microplastics and we do our best to mitigate [that in] the construction of the net or the woven fabric,” she said.

All of the nylon that is used in Yulex wetsuits comes from post-consumer recycled material, but Warner said the brand will keep striving for more sustainable options. “As new technologies become available, we'd love to explore the use of different yarn types and different stretch fibers and all these different things,” she told us.

Another big difference between Patagonia’s Yulex suits and the average wetsuit is the ability to repair them, which is not typical. Not only have they been designed with repairability in mind, but there’s no cost to the consumer to get a suit repaired, aside from shipping charges.

“Our wetsuit team has repaired suits over and over for people where they're like, ‘Oh, I remember this suit.’ And they're rebuilding it again for its second and third life out there,” Simpson said. “It's just unheard of outside of our walls. It just doesn't exist, and our hope is that people see that value and understand … they can keep it in use longer.” 

While the initial price point may be significant — starting at $100 for shirts and vests and over $450 for full suits — it’s worth it in the long run, especially because the suits significantly reduce environmental impact, he said. That impact is further reduced by the wetsuits’ recyclability. “We've found a way to enhance recycling techniques, to essentially turn our old wetsuits that are beyond repair into raw material that can then be used in new future products,” Warner said.
<figure role="group"><img alt="A person sits at a sewing machine repairing wetsuits. " data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="0e840b40-ddbb-4634-9732-bc77c5bf7d2f" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/Buddy%20Pendergast%20at%20the%20Patagonia%20Wetsuit%20Forge.%20photo%20credit_%20Tim%20Davis.jpg" width="1500" height="1001" loading="lazy" /><figcaption>Buddy Pendergast repairs wetsuits at the Patagonia Wetsuit Forge in Ventura, California. (Image: Tim Davis)</figcaption></figure><h2>Setting a new standard</h2>

Patagonia is well known for its <a href="https://www.triplepundit.com/story/2014/patagonia-launches-black-friday-worn-wear-swap-yerdle/38836" target="_blank">dedication to repair</a>. As this extends into the realm of wetsuits, there is potential to influence other brands to move toward more sustainability in their own products.

As consumers come to terms with Earth’s finite resources, it’s imperative that clothing companies and outdoor gear makers encourage repairability along with recyclability and sustainable materials. If this can be done with wetsuits, surely it can be done with just about anything with the proper effort. And while cost remains a limitation for many people, the importance of long-term value can make a difference in how they spend their money. Brands that promote a business model of quality over quantity will ultimately do better for both consumers and the planet.

Patagonia's Search for a Better Wetsuit is What Sustainability Should Be

Elementary and secondary school teachers <a href="https://www.k12dive.com/news/smithsonian-poll-us-teachers-sustainability-curriculum/692983/" target="_blank">want to teach</a> about sustainability, yet many lack the time, resources, and in particular, the tools to do so effectively. For those in the United States, help is on the way. 

By 2030, the Sustainability Education Coalition aims to give more than 10 million K-12 students access to educational resources that will help them make informed decisions and take responsible actions when it comes to sustainability.

It’s a first-of-its-kind initiative aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and launched by Discovery Education, a leader in developing digital content for K-12 teaching. 

“The need for comprehensive sustainability education has never been more pressing,” Amy Nakamoto, Discovery Education’s general manager of social impact, <a href="https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/discovery-education-and-leading-corporate-and-nonprofit-partners-launch-first-of-its-kind-initiative-supporting-sustainability-301931703.html" target="_blank">said in a statement</a>. “Recent statistics reveal a concerning trend: While the majority of teachers recognize the importance of teaching students about climate and sustainability, only half of them are currently addressing these vital topics within their classrooms.” 

Three factors hinder teaching sustainability to K-12 students in the U.S., Natamoto said. First, some teachers have difficulty figuring out where classes on sustainability belong in their curricula. 

“It could be in science classrooms, it could be in social studies classrooms, it could be in blended STEM [science, technology, engineering and math] classrooms. I think currently, teachers are having a hard time figuring out where it fits in the school day," Nakamoto told TriplePundit. 

Others feel they do not know how to teach sustainability topics, she said. Teachers need and want more support in this area, according to a <a href="https://ssec.si.edu/educating-for-sustainable-development-report" target="_blank">report from the Smithsonian Science Education Center</a>. Of the teachers surveyed, 69 percent said professional development on sustainability would be helpful. 

“They want to be able to talk about this with their students, but they don’t know how,” Nakamoto told us. Lastly, while school administrators believe sustainability is a critically important topic to teach, they don’t know how to get the resources to do so, she said.

The Sustainability Education Coalition aims to solve all three problems. It uses insight and expertise from partner companies to create digital content for students to learn from alongside the lessons on the Discovery Education Experience learning platform, Nakamoto said. Support is specifically focused on providing STEM and sustainability education resources to school districts that would struggle to access them otherwise.

“Another way the collaboration happens, in addition to the curriculum and the content, is through strategic thought leadership that takes educators and administrators and puts them in the same rooms as these leading companies,” Nakamoto said. “So [the companies] can understand the challenges of schools to talk about these topics, and the schools and administrators can understand how companies are wrestling with these topics in more real-time.”

On the other side, company partners benefit from joining the coalition through employee engagement, Nakamoto said. Employees want to see their companies investing in initiatives that align their corporate mission with a local community mission. 

“Employee engagement is leveraging the employees of our partners to be part of the story. So, we are telling their stories, we are filming them and the solutions they’re doing,” Nakamoto said. “We deeply believe in showing the people who are the leaders in this movement to the students in classrooms across the U.S.”

So far, Subaru of America, LyondellBasell, Nucor, Honeywell, and the National Environmental Education Foundation have partnered with the coalition. Each company that joins helps to unlock access to a complete library of STEM and sustainability education resources for some critical communities, Nakamoto said.

“[Sustainability] is a topic that everybody is both wrestling with and evolving with at the same time,” she concluded. “We have a big vision to grow this to represent multiple sectors, multiple interests because the sustainability story is an everyday story that we all experience just walking through the world. In order to tell that story to students, we need to be influenced by all of the sectors that are engaged in sustainability at their corporate and community level.”

Coalition Connects Brands With Schools Struggling to Teach Sustainability

Voter engagement is on the rise across the United States, with the elections of 2018, 2020 and 2022 <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2023/07/12/voter-turnout-2018-2022/" target="_blank">breaking records for high turnout</a>. But around a third of eligible U.S. voters — more than 50 million people — <a href="https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023/2022-voting-registration.html" target="_blank">are still not registered to vote</a>. Importantly, <a href="https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/number-of-individuals-who-voted-in-thousands-and-individuals-who-voted-as-a-share-of-the-voter-population-by-age/?currentTimeframe=0&amp;sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22%7D">young people</a> (those aged 18 to 25) are less likely to be registered. Earlier this month, activists, nonprofits and brands across the country marked National Voter Registration Day with engagement campaigns aimed at getting more people set up to head to the polls in November. 

The observance day has proven a success since it first launched in 2012, with organizers reporting <a href="https://nationalvoterregistrationday.org/about/" target="_blank">more than 5 million people</a> registered to vote on the holiday over the past decade. In New York City on the sidelines of Climate Week and the U.N. General Assembly, brands including The Body Shop, Tony's Chocolonely and Partake Cookies joined civic organizers like <a href="https://www.headcount.org" target="_blank">HeadCount</a>, <a href="https://www.nyc.gov/site/civicengagement/our-programs/democracynyc.page" target="_blank">Democracy NYC</a> and <a href="https://www.nyu.edu/students/student-information-and-resources/nyu-votes.html" target="_blank">NYU Votes</a> for a registration event in Washington Square Park, where nearly 750 people registered to vote or checked their voter registration status. 

Hundreds of similar activations took place across the U.S., but with the 2023 midterm elections approaching and a pivotal presidential election in 2024, this work is just beginning. So, what's still needed to get more folks registered, and how can brands keep the momentum going? 

<h2>Reaching young people: A critically underrepresented demographic for voter registration</h2>

Talking heads on TV news often paint a picture of apathetic young people who can't be bothered to show up at the polls. But have you ever stopped to think about why more young people don't vote? 

"We know that a disproportionately low percentage of young people are represented in government," said Hilary Lloyd, vice president of marketing and corporate responsibility for The Body Shop North America. "So then it follows that a disproportionately low percentage of young people's preferences or the issues they have passion for are represented in government."

Indeed, <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/01/30/house-gets-younger-senate-gets-older-a-look-at-the-age-and-generation-of-lawmakers-in-the-118th-congress/" target="_blank">the median age</a> is 57.9 years in the U.S. House of Representatives and 65.3 years in the U.S. Senate. Just three U.S. senators and 16 House members are under the age of 40. 

With this in mind, it's less a matter of getting folks in their teens and 20s to put down the TikTok and head to the ballot box, and more about helping young people see themselves and the issues they care about represented in the public sector. On this front, state and local elections provide a vital proving ground, with a <a href="https://www.npr.org/2023/08/09/1191455776/young-voters-david-hogg-pac-campaign-elections-genz-millennial" target="_blank">growing number of young people</a> throwing their hats in the ring for public office. The November elections offer an actionable opportunity for their peers to get registered and support them. 

"The more folks we can get engaged in civics early, the more likely we can get more representation for young people and the issues that young people are passionate about in political discourse across the U.S.," Lloyd said. 
<figure role="group"><img alt="youth activist at voter registration event in new york city" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="5a8870a0-52f1-4456-b367-ac10d1bbfacc" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/youth%20activist%20at%20voter%20registration%20event%20in%20new%20york%20city.jpg" width="1200" height="800" loading="lazy" /><figcaption>Youth activist Deja Foxx, founder of Gen Z Girl Gang, at The Body Shop's voter registration event in Washington Square Park. </figcaption></figure><h2>Brands show up and show out for National Voter Registration Day</h2>

The Body Shop asked young people about those issues at the event it hosted with the youth voter registration organization HeadCount in Washington Square Park. "We hosted a customer engagement activity, asking folks who participated in the event to tell us what they're voting for, to put forward in people's minds what's important to them as we get into election season," Lloyd said. 

Around 500 participants named issues ranging from LGBTQ+ and women's rights to climate justice, education and Social Security. Young organizers including <a href="https://genzgirlgang.com/deja" target="_blank">Deja Foxx</a>, a 23-year-old reproductive rights activist and founder of <a href="https://genzgirlgang.com" target="_blank">Gen Z Girl Gang</a>, and <a href="https://www.genesisforanimals.org/about-me" target="_blank">Genesis Butler</a>, a teen animal rights advocate and founder of <a href="https://www.genesisforanimals.org/youth-climate-save" target="_blank">Youth Climate Save</a>, were in attendance helping to get people registered to vote. "It makes sense for young people to encourage young people to get involved in public discourse and democracy," Lloyd said. 

The Body Shop hosted smaller events at retail stores across the U.S. and leveraged its e-commerce and social media platforms to get people registered. On an ongoing basis, shoppers can scan a QR code at "Act," or activism, Stations in The Body Shop stores to register to vote <a href="https://www.headcount.org/register-to-vote/?campaign=beseenbeheard" target="_blank">straight from their phones</a>. 

HeadCount's efforts with The Body Shop and other companies like <a href="https://monumentalsports.com/2023/06/monumental-sports-entertainment-and-headcount-drive-thousands-of-civic-actions-and-registered-hundreds-to-vote-through-multiyear-partnership/" target="_blank">Monumental Sports and Entertainment</a> and <a href="https://www.mlb.com/news/major-league-baseball-partners-with-headcount-to-register-fans-to-vote" target="_blank">Major League Baseball</a> helped the organization register more than 16,000 voters this year, Lloyd said. 
<figure role="group"><img alt="the body shop voter registration QR code" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="d0f05292-b779-41cf-84c5-75efc21dc69c" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/the%20body%20shop%20voter%20registration%20QR%20code.jpg" width="1200" height="800" loading="lazy" /><figcaption>Shoppers can scan a QR code in The Body Shop stores to register to vote straight from their phones.</figcaption></figure><h2>How to keep the momentum going on voter registration </h2>

The Body Shop's voter registration campaign is part of a broader effort called <a href="https://www.thebodyshop.com/en-us/about-us/activism/be-seen-be-heard/a/a00072" target="_blank">Be Seen, Be Heard</a>, which launched last year with the aim of getting more young people involved in public life. The campaign takes the form of partnership with groups like HeadCount and activists like Foxx and Butler, who will continue to partner with the company to drive voter registration on social media in the lead-up to 2024. 

Beyond the U.S., Be Seen, Be Heard is global — and early outcomes from the campaign show what's possible when brands put concerted effort into engaging young people in the electoral process. 

The campaign reached approximately 51 million people online in its first year, gathering more than 90,000 signatures on petitions related to key issues in countries around the world, according to the company. In Canada, store managers helped rally nearly 13,000 signatures in support of moving federal elections to the weekend so more young people can make the time to vote. In Malaysia, the company and its supporters successfully pressured the government to honor their commitment to <a href="https://www.thebodyshop.com/en-gb/about-us/activism/be-seen-be-heard/editorial/malaysia-lower-voting-age/a/a00085" target="_blank">lower the voting age from 21 to 18</a>. In New Zealand, The Body Shop’s partner <a href="https://www.makeit16.org.nz" target="_blank">Make It 16</a> won a supreme court case which found the country's current voting age of 18 to be inconsistent with its bill of rights.

"Some really remarkable movements have taken place," Lloyd said. "We want to move people through petitioning government or petitioning for legislative change, which creates real, fundamental, systemic change." 

While global civic activations may be out of reach for some companies, voter registration groups like HeadCount, <a href="https://www.rockthevote.org" target="_blank">Rock the Vote</a> and <a href="https://nextgenamerica.org" target="_blank">NextGen America</a> make it easy for any brand to get involved by hosting registration pages on their websites and spreading the word among their customers. Meanwhile organizations like <a href="https://www.maketimetovote.org" target="_blank">Time to Vote</a> are calling on companies to commit to give their employees paid time off to cast their ballots on election day. 

"Be a facilitator for voter registration," Lloyd recommended to other business leaders. "Use your reach, use your platforms — both your retail and digital presences — to drive voter registration. Partner with folks like HeadCount or organizations who do the same."

It really can be as simple as sharing a post on social media, as the queen of summer Taylor Swift proved when her recent Instagram post <a href="https://www.npr.org/2023/09/22/1201183160/taylor-swift-instagram-voter-registration" target="_blank">drove a 1,226 percent jump in participation</a> on the voter registration site <a href="https://www.vote.org" target="_blank">Vote.org</a>. Considering nearly half of U.S. states have recently passed legislation that <a href="https://thehill.com/changing-america/respect/accessibility/3665190-these-are-the-hardest-states-to-vote-in/" target="_blank">makes it harder for people to vote</a> — including changes to registration laws and polling locations — efforts like these are sorely needed, and certainly far from over. 

Get more coverage like this in TriplePundit's weekly Brands Taking Stands newsletter. <a href="https://www.triplepundit.com/subscribe" target="_blank">Sign up here</a> for new stories every Wednesday. 

Images courtesy of The Body Shop

How Brands Can Help Get Out the Vote in the U.S.

As the world contends with the rise of acute public health threats and the devastating impacts of climate change, we teamed up with five former surgeons general and a number of executives from leading public health organizations to <a href="https://resources.wellcertified.com/tools/open-letter-buildings-as-a-prescription-for-health/" target="_blank">turn the attention of policymakers</a> to an unsung hero: our buildings. That’s right, our buildings play a pivotal role in our well-being, and it’s time our policymakers recognize this. 

Buildings shape our health outcomes in profound ways. For example, health benefits from better indoor environments could lead to <a href="https://eta-publications.lbl.gov/sites/default/files/42123.pdf" target="_blank">annual economic gains of $200 billion</a>. Indoor ventilation enhancements could <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/12/11/14709" target="_blank">improve cognitive functions</a> by up to 101 percent, translating to a <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/12/11/14709" target="_blank">per-person productivity benefit</a> of up to $7,500 per year. Despite these numbers, most policymakers fail to focus on buildings, the spaces and places where we spend about 90 percent of our lives. 

In addition to supporting our health, our buildings can also be a bulwark against climate change. As we face intensifying impacts from an already changing climate, buildings that are fortified for health can serve as literal and metaphorical shelters from the storm. They can be designed to counter health threats like extreme heat and flooding while also enhancing our productivity, our comfort and our quality of life. By taking a comprehensive approach, our buildings can prioritize health-resilience focus areas such as indoor air quality, water quality and management, thermal comfort, emergency planning, integrative design, healthy and sustainable materials, healthy lighting environments and food security. 

As a case in point, look more closely at just one of these strategy areas: enhancing indoor air quality. Clean indoor air — which requires a series of interdependent strategies across mechanical ventilation, air source control and filtration — is critically important when fortifying indoor environments against well-known climate impacts, including increased ground-level ozone pollution and increased smoke pollution from wildfires, which emit fine particles and in turn <a href="https://www.epa.gov/climateimpacts/climate-change-impacts-air-quality" target="_blank">increase the risk</a> of adverse chronic and acute cardiovascular and respiratory health outcomes. But there are also increased indoor air quality concerns from rising temperatures, more intense precipitation patterns, and increasing concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Each of these can contribute to considerably higher levels of certain airborne allergens, which can produce increases in asthma episodes and other allergic illnesses. 

Yet many of the same healthy building strategies that can protect us against climate change have also been scientifically proven to help with everything from combating obesity to improving our sleep, from lowering the risk of heart disease to reducing respiratory illnesses and the spread of communicable diseases.

A <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132322007697?via=ihub#tbl2" target="_blank">seminal, peer-reviewed study</a> published last year in the journal Building and Environment found that buildings certified to the WELL Building Standard helped improve worker satisfaction by 28 percent, well-being by 26 percent, mental health scores by 10 percent and productivity by 10 median points.

Those results are part of a growing body of research linking healthier spaces to <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00703.x" target="_blank">reduced employee absenteeism</a>, <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/12/11/14709" target="_blank">improved cognitive function</a>, and <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.4278/ajhp.26.4.tahp" target="_blank">lower healthcare costs</a> for companies, as well as stronger real estate financial returns from rental premiums and longer lease terms. 

But we can’t forget how the COVID-19 pandemic exposed glaring gaps in building policy, specifically related to ventilation and indoor air quality. Rather than acting as shields against the virus, all too many of our buildings were ill-prepared to protect us.

As we anticipate future challenges, the argument for health-driven building policy has never been stronger. Fortunately, we’re beginning to see some new legislative ideas that are designed to accelerate healthy building improvements. For example, in the last few years, <a href="https://www.taxnotes.com/research/federal/legislative-documents/proposed-legislation/h.r.-7671---airborne-act/7dgtm" target="_blank">several bills were introduced</a> to the U.S. Congress that would provide businesses with tax incentives to deploy solutions that help improve indoor environmental quality. The Joe Biden administration too has made noticeable efforts to push for healthy buildings, hosting the first-ever <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/cleanindoorair/" target="_blank">White House Summit on Indoor Air Quality</a> last year. 

Public investment in buildings is a huge policy opportunity. Over the next decade, federal, state and local governments will invest hundreds of billions of dollars in our nation’s buildings, spanning considerable funding for affordable housing, federal buildings and schools, and long-term, multi-billion-dollar incentives for the decarbonization of residential and commercial buildings.

The pivotal question for policymakers is whether these investments will also prioritize the people inside, and in doing so, improve public health outcomes. To ensure that’s the case, our decision-makers need to rethink our current building policy framework by elevating health. 
  
A good start would be incentivizing solutions to increase ventilation performance, improve indoor air quality, adopt emergency preparedness plans and support healthy, sustainable materials. We need policymakers to see buildings not just as structures that contain us, but as pillars that uphold our nation’s public health. 

Image credits: <a href="https://unsplash.com/photos/RaVcslj475Y" target="_blank">Abigail Keenan</a> and <a href="https://unsplash.com/photos/WTPp4wgourk" target="_blank">Robert Bye</a> via Unsplash

Buildings: The Unsung Hero of Public Health

Environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) concerns are at the <a href="https://www.triplepundit.com/story/2023/consumers-sustainability-purchasing-driver/782061" target="_blank">forefront of consumers’ minds</a> when they make purchasing decisions today. With <a href="https://www.foodnavigator.com/Article/2023/07/20/food-and-beverage-companies-failing-to-protect-workers-from-forced-labour-risks-report" target="_blank">recent reports disclosing</a> human rights risks lurking within food and beverage supply chains — and 37 percent of brands having yet to share how they’re evaluating them — consumers are calling for increased transparency, forcing companies to take a closer look at their existing business practices.

<h2>Unrooting forced labor and ESG challenges</h2>

<a href="https://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/newsroom/news/WCMS_855019/lang--en/index.htm" target="_blank">An estimated 27.6 million people</a> are in forced labor today, ranging from deceptive recruiting and debt bondage to unsafe working conditions and excessive work hours, and 12 percent of them are children. These exploitative practices frequently occur when farming high-risk commodities including fish, beans, cattle, coffee, rice, tea, tomatoes and wheat. Food and beverage companies are fighting back, placing increased scrutiny on these products’ suppliers and canceling contracts with those who are unable to comply with ESG policies. But unrooting forced labor is easier said than done.

The food and beverage industry relies on an intricate network of suppliers and trading partners to facilitate the movement of goods from origin to destination. Our favorite brands often work with thousands of suppliers both domestically and internationally in countries across Europe, Asia and Africa. With expansive supply chains, varying reporting requirements across regions, and resource constraints, it is often difficult to trace ingredients back to their original source and gain adequate visibility into every supplier. These challenges, compounded with a lack of widespread structure for corporate ESG accounting, can allow human rights violations to go unchecked.

<h2>How to nurture ESG success</h2>

According to the Business and Human Rights Resource Center’s latest analysis, <a href="https://www.foodnavigator.com/Article/2023/07/20/food-and-beverage-companies-failing-to-protect-workers-from-forced-labour-risks-report" target="_blank">two organizations</a> are navigating ESG better than the rest: Tesco and Woolworths. The companies scored a 52 and 56 on their human rights evaluations compared to the industry average of 16. <a href="https://www.tescoplc.com/media/lhfmeai0/tes027_modern-slavery-1404.pdf" target="_blank">Tesco</a>, one of the world’s largest multinational retailers with over 3,600 stores in the U.K. alone, requires primary, or first-tier, suppliers in high-risk regions to undergo human rights audits prior to supplying their stores, and submit to additional audits on an annual basis after onboarding. In 2022, the company canceled 28 supplier sites, and temporarily suspended 57 others, due to human rights concerns. 

<a href="https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/content/dam/wwg/investors/reports/2022/full-year/Woolworths%20Group%20Modern%20Slavery%20Statement%202022%20print%20friendly.pdf" target="_blank">Woolworths</a>, Australia’s largest retailer with 1,261 stores and 18,270 direct suppliers, sources 97 percent of its fresh fruit and vegetables and 100 percent of its meat from Australian farmers and growers. During onboarding, suppliers are segmented based on their risk categories — the higher the risk, the more frequently they’re audited. The company’s non-conformances tied to safety have decreased by 10 percent year over year.

<h2>Planting the seed for industry transparency</h2>

There are innovative changes on the horizon for food and beverage companies that will increase the visibility and transparency around production processes with partners and consumers. This is especially critical amid the current era of rampant greenwashing, as buyers demand to know their favorite brands are living up to their ethical and sustainable production claims.

To improve consumer transparency, trust and brand loyalty, food and beverage companies are starting to implement an increasingly well-adopted technology: two-dimensional (2D) barcodes.

<h2>2D barcodes: What they are and what they mean for ESG</h2>

In an initiative known as <a href="https://www.gs1us.org/industries-and-insights/by-topic/sunrise-2027" target="_blank">Sunrise 2027</a>, being facilitated by GS1 U.S., the industry is migrating from the standard UPC barcode – found on consumer packages for almost 50 years — to a 2D barcode.

While 2D barcodes may sound unfamiliar (and futuristic), the technology is more common (and accessible) than you might think. Compared to one-dimensional barcodes (such as the UPC that is used for price lookup to automate checkout), which store information horizontally and can only contain up to a few dozen characters, two-dimensional (or, 2D) barcodes store information horizontally and vertically. This enables 2D codes, such as QR codes, to fit thousands of characters of data, from product batch/lot numbers to URLs.

On top of allowing for enhanced data storage, 2D codes were designed to be easily scanned by smartphones and other imaging devices, allowing for ease-of-use in addition to enabling enhanced information sharing. 

2D barcodes will soon give consumers greater visibility into the origins of the products they buy, amongst other use cases. They allow brands to share information on where a product was grown, the factory it was processed in, and the sustainability practices of the company that made it — all while still going “beep” at point-of-sale.

While the retail industry has committed to implementing 2D barcodes over the next four years, some prominent food and beverage brands already use them. <a href="https://www.gs1.org/system/files/case-study-woolworths-gs1australia.pdf" target="_blank">Woolworths uses</a> 2D codes to connect business partners across the supply chain with the data they need for inventory management, traceability programs and sustainability initiatives. By early 2022, 2D barcodes were on 50 percent of products in Woolworths’ meat range across more than 1,000 stores. In the future, Woolworths and its suppliers also plan to make their products' sustainability information and certifications — down to the crop and serial number — as well as harvest information (i.e., farm map, pack date, production processes) and recycling instructions readily available to consumers.

The food and beverage industry is in the middle of a pivotal change where transparency is becoming the norm and responsible business practices will dictate growth. By ensuring accountability on ESG compliance now and opening the lines of communication with consumers, food and beverage brands will not only safeguard their own future, but also contribute to a more equitable and sustainable global economy.

ESG Concerns Heat Up in Food and Beverage Supply Chains: Can 2D Barcodes Help?

It’s no secret that the adoption of advanced technologies is accelerating in agriculture and construction. Machines today are more powerful, precise and easy to use than they have ever been, making them more efficient, productive and sustainable. 

Sustainability is top of mind for many businesses, and for agriculture and construction, it is an opportunity to transform how we manage our natural resources to grow food and build communities. 

In real terms, that means finding innovative ways to reduce carbon emissions — in the plants where we build our machines and also during their usage — and developing methods to preserve the natural environment while maximizing productivity. 

These challenges are familiar to CNH Industrial. Selin Tur, the company’s vice president of advanced technologies and innovations, and John Crowell, director of sustainability, explain how the industry is adopting and continuing to develop advanced technologies to find viable sustainability solutions. 

How do advanced technologies play a role in achieving sustainability goals?

Selin Tur: All the technologies we work on have a sustainability impact, from automation and autonomous technologies to alternative fuels and electrification to advanced materials. That’s by increasing productivity, driving efficiency higher or reducing fuel consumption.

John Crowell: The path to achieving our sustainability goals is one of continuous improvement. Whether it be decarbonizing within our own operations, within our value chain or related to our product portfolio, it’s technology advancements that progress us forward.

What are the sustainability challenges that advanced technologies can help address?

ST:  They can help reduce the carbon footprint of CNH Industrial and our products. Alternative powertrains, such as fully electric, hybrid electric and biofuels, are all viable solutions. They can reduce operations’ emissions while maintaining quality and productivity. 

JC: There are further ways to meet the decarbonization challenge. We can manufacture our products with materials that have a lower emission impact for a higher level of recyclability, but also a higher level of end-of-life recyclability. 

And precision technologies offer farmers innovative ways to lower their carbon footprint. Examples include improving water efficiency by using variable rate irrigation systems linked to real-time weather forecasts, which also take into account how the crop is growing. And pesticides can be applied precisely where they are needed.   

Advanced technologies can also preserve biodiversity which considers the interconnectedness between water risk, water scarcity, climate change and ecosystem. Using precision technology to minimize inputs supports the natural environment and contributes to healthier soils. 

What are some examples of advanced technologies addressing sustainability challenges? 

ST: Recently we acquired ‘sense and act’ specialist Augmenta. A key solution the company offers is a multispectral camera and advanced artificial intelligence engine. This ‘sees’ the crop in front of the tractor and adjusts the fertilizer being applied in real time by visually measuring the crops’ nitrogen levels.  This provides a new level of efficiency for farmers. 

It optimizes inputs according to crop status and demand through precise rate control at normal vehicle speeds. This provides a new level of field efficiency for the producer.

At the end of the year, we’ll be launching the New Holland T4 Electric Power. It’s the industry’s first all-electric light utility tractor. With a battery pack that can support a full day of operation, it’s a viable alternative fuel solution for farmers looking to decarbonize. 

It also adds to our growing electric product portfolio across agriculture and construction, which includes a series of mini excavators, a compact wheel loader and backhoe loader. 

JC: Alongside electric, our work with Bennamann highlights a tried and tested biofuels solution. Bennamann has expertise in capturing, repurposing and storing fugitive methane emissions for energy use. And when connected with our machinery, they can dramatically reduce emissions to deliver a carbon-negative system that fully supports a circular economy. When electricity is generated from captured fugitive livestock methane, it can be used to power the tractor, the farm and even be sold back to the grid.

What are the significant challenges or opportunities regarding advanced technology adoption? 

JC: One adoption challenge around decarbonization is ensuring that the alternative fuel equipment can complete all the tasks on the farm. That’s why biomethane is such an attractive solution – it delivers the same power as a conventional diesel machine. 

Another challenge is variety in what our customers are aiming to produce. Because of this, there's a great degree of variability in the solutions they're looking for. They want to be sustainable, but all want to maximize their productivity. And to satisfy this, we continually evaluate our portfolio. 

ST: For customers, price and availability are key. Installing and operating advanced technologies must come close to their current total cost of ownership and provide a significant return on investment. As accessibility to these fuels increases, so should the variety of equipment that can utilize them. 

JC: Indeed, there is still an infrastructure challenge — whether that be recharging/fueling stations or biodigesters. Training and support, both for operators and our dealer partners, will also be needed to ensure a smooth transition to these new solutions.

What promising technology advancements hold potential for sustainable agriculture and construction? 

ST: Certainly, artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies. Advanced sensors will make farming practices more efficient by controlling the volume of chemicals applied to fields.

We’re also working on augmented and virtual reality. These solutions also accelerate product development times through virtual assembly and digital prototyping — and they can reduce our travel by enabling us to conduct virtual design reviews. It’s sustainability through reduction. They also enable remote diagnostics and mean field issues can be resolved quickly without having to wait for a technician to attend.

JC: There is also an increasing focus on electrifying implements and not just the vehicle. There's a great opportunity there for further innovation, leading to increased productivity and sustainability. 

What does future collaboration between your technology and sustainability functions look like?

JC: It's a collaborative engagement between our teams. We both acknowledge the challenge of decarbonizing our products, but also the opportunity for the industry, and for our customers.

The sustainability team is leading the efforts to help the company meet the Paris Climate Agreement’s objectives. And in doing so, we are learning from the research and development team. They’re showing us what’s feasible, what's within their technology innovation roadmap and what really matters to our customers.

ST: My team is in an advantageous position working with John. It enables us to tie our innovation and technology programs into company sustainability goals and targets. It’s a good process that has real customer benefits.

--

With CNH Industrial continuing to innovate, the agriculture and construction industries are progressing toward a more sustainable future. It’s clear that advanced technologies are more than just an option — they’re essential. We are committed to delivering solutions that produce food, fiber, energy, shelter and infrastructure for a growing world population sustainably.

And that does not mean sacrifice. In fact, it’s quite the opposite. Advanced technologies are unlocking new ways for operators to add value, from a sustainability standpoint and beyond. 

This article series is sponsored by CNH Industrial and produced by the TriplePundit editorial team.

Image credit: Valentin Valkov via Adobe Stock

Advanced Technologies Are Essential to a Sustainable Future

Wind power is an increasingly important part of the energy mix as the world works to counter the climate crisis. But with first-generation wind turbines reaching end-of-life, questions loom over how to properly handle the waste they create. While wind turbines are <a href="https://www.energy.gov/eere/articles/department-energy-launches-prize-jumpstart-wind-turbine-materials-recycling-industry#:~:text=About%2085%25%E2%80%9390%25%20of,(carbon%20fiber%20and%20fiberglass)." target="_blank">up to 90 percent recyclable</a>, turbine blades in particular present the biggest challenge. 

<h2>The challenge of recycling decommissioned wind turbines</h2>

This is especially true as more wind power comes online. It accounted for 22 percent of all new electricity capacity installed in the United States in 2022, according to the <a href="https://www.energy.gov/articles/us-department-energy-projects-strong-growth-us-wind-power-sector" target="_blank">Department of Energy</a>, while also being one of the lowest-cost sources of electricity in America. The sector is poised for rapid growth, attracting $12 billion in capital investment last year alone, according to the DOE. 

Undoubtedly, it’s great news that this renewable source is increasing its share. But if we don’t find a way to manage wind turbine blade waste, up to 2.2 million metric tons worth will accumulate in U.S. landfills by 2050, Owens Corning, a manufacturer of glass fibers that are used in the composite materials for wind turbine blades, detailed in its 2022 sustainability report.

The company’s leadership recognizes this is unsustainable, and as a major global supplier to wind turbine manufacturers, Owens Corning is greatly invested with other industry partners in figuring out the best ways to handle retired turbine blades. 

After all, "wind is a critical technology for reducing emissions," Patrick Sullivan, strategy director for the composites business at Owens Corning, told us. Somewhat ironically, as wind turbines have become more efficient at making electricity, recycling their blades has become more problematic. 

That’s because achieving greater efficiency means modern turbines are designed with much longer blades than those used in first-generation types. “To harness the maximum kinetic energy from the wind, you want as long of a blade as possible to increase the rotor diameter,” Sullivan said. “To have such long structures that support themselves and face various forces over 30 years, it needs to be strong and lightweight. So, that switches you from traditional metals and woods to more advanced composite materials.”

Therein lies the problem. Whereas steel and alloys are mono-materials that are relatively easy to recycle, composites are not. “Blades are designed to last a long time, and the fundamental nature of a composite is you are combining dissimilar materials together that are not designed to come apart,” Sullivan explained.
<figure role="group"><img alt="Glass fiber strands being stitched into fabric for a wind turbine blade" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="6b9a6231-71e9-4531-bd57-0c37846a1a04" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/Glass%20fiber%20strands%20being%20stitched%20into%20fabric%20for%20wind%20turbine%20blades.jpg" width="1920" height="1080" loading="lazy" /><figcaption>Glass fiber strands being stitched into fabric at Owens Corning Brazil.</figcaption></figure><h2>What’s in a wind turbine blade, anyway? </h2>

Should you be wondering, a composite wind turbine blade is made from a mix of glass and carbon fibers, which are combined with resins and plastic polymers. These materials wrap a structural core material which might be made of balsa wood or PET plastic foam. 

A blade made today is designed to be in service for about 30 years, but the in-service time could be cut short because of turbine efficiency improvements. This means asset owners might elect to retire older turbines, which generate less electricity, in favor of newer and more efficient ones. 

“An average turbine is in the 3- to 5-megawatt range,” enough to power 3,000 to 6,000 homes, Sullivan said. “Ten years ago, it might have been a 1-megawatt model,” he told us. As a result, a given area of wind farm can generate far more power today, incentivizing turbine upgrades, or “re-powering” as it’s known in the industry.

Consequently, many old turbines are being taken out of service before they fail, meaning the waste is already piling up. This creates urgency to address the landfill problem today, while the problem will only continue to compound in the future.

<h2>How to recycle a wind turbine blade</h2>

So, what to do with a retired wind turbine blade that needs to be kept out of landfill? Options range from the very low-tech, to higher-order processing which is more desirable.

Let’s start with the low-tech options. Landfilling blades is <a href="https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2021/06/25/recycling-turbine-blades-the-achilles-heel-of-wind-power-and-the-controversy-engulfing-ren#:~:text=Only%2520four%2520countries%2520in%2520Europe,to%2520end%2520up%2520in%2520landfill." target="_blank">already banned</a> in some parts of Europe. Advocates are <a href="https://windeurope.org/newsroom/press-releases/wind-industry-calls-for-europe-wide-ban-on-landfilling-turbine-blades/#:~:text=16%20June%202021-,Wind%20industry%20calls%20for%20Europe-wide%20ban%20on%20landfilling%20turbine,recover%20100%25%20of%20decommissioned%20blades" target="_blank">pushing for a full ban</a> across the continent, with a similar movement growing in the U.S. While this is stimulating a range of efforts for effectively dealing with the problem, at the most basic level it has involved taking blades, shredding them up and burning them in cement kilns as a power source. That’s not ideal, and the only real reason to recommend disposal by such means is that it avoids landfill. Rather than burn them, some wind farm operators have opted to <a href="https://orsted.com/en/media/newsroom/news/2021/06/702084352457649" target="_blank">store their blades</a> until viable solutions are found.

“An improvement from cement kilns could be mechanically breaking down the blades and either compounding the remnants into pellets, which can be molded into new composites, or using the fractions in other composite parts,” Sullivan said. “The challenge is parts made with these pellets, for example, will have lower performance than virgin fiber composites. This really starts to limit the pool of use opportunities, as composites are advanced materials in higher demanding applications.” Nonetheless, Owens Corning has been able to provide materials from pellets which have gone into things such as decking materials or railroad ties.

Other novel uses are interesting, too. “People are designing bridges out of old blades,” Sullivan told us. “They are cool projects, but there are thousands of blades in the world,” he said, with the implication that there are simply not enough projects to use all decommissioned blades in creative ways like this. 

Instead, Owens Corning sees the greatest potential in taking a materials science approach. “How can we separate the fibers away from the resins?” Sullivan posited. “And what can we do with these fibers in a second life?”

To this end, the company is working with other partners to experiment with recycling processes such as pyrolysis. In very simple terms, pyrolysis involves a process of heating blade material to very high temperatures in the absence of oxygen, leading to a physical separation of materials at the molecular level.   
  
““It has been proven at lab-scale: You can take blade waste through a pyrolysis process and separate glass fiber from the resin systems, and we can take those fibers back,” Sullivan said. This method of recycling avoids downcycling, as recovered glass fibers can be melted down and reused in place of virgin material. “We would love to be able to get the fibers back from that type of process, and our partners from the chemical industry I assume would love to get their polymers back, too.”

But making this commercially viable and cost-effective at scale remains a challenge. That’s in large part because making virgin glass “is relatively very low-cost,” Sullivan said. “The efforts to reduce the cost of wind energy over the past two decades have also trickled down to reduce the cost of glass fibers tremendously,” he added. Energy inputs for pyrolysis need to be considered, too, and Sullivan suggested electrification and <a href="https://www.triplepundit.com/story/2022/5-green-hydrogen-developments/743821" target="_blank">green hydrogen</a> might be ways to mitigate the impact of the pyrolysis process in the future. 
<figure role="group"><img alt="wind turbine blade design" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="ce8416b5-07b8-457e-8fe0-e6b1f2453b9e" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/WindStrand%20.jpg" width="1500" height="1000" loading="lazy" /><figcaption>WindStrand 4000 allows more efficient blade designs for the production of lighter, longer blades that reduces the cost of wind energy.</figcaption></figure><h2>The future of wind turbine blade recycling is collaborative</h2>

Challenges aside, recycling blade waste will become increasingly urgent and indeed a business imperative going forward. “We will be one of the companies to develop circular models. We see it as a huge competitive advantage,” Sullivan said.

Nevertheless, it will take a combined effort. Owens Corning is part of a consortium of companies in the European-based <a href="https://www.compositesworld.com/news/zebra-project-launched-to-develop-first-100-recyclable-wind-turbine-blades" target="_blank">Zebra</a> project, which has a goal of developing the first 100 percent recyclable wind turbine blade. "Part of this effort is to produce blades with zero-waste and design the composite for recyclability, making it easier to disaggregate materials at end-of-life,” Sullivan said.

In addition Owens Corning joined the U.K.-based <a href="https://www.nccuk.com/what-we-do/sustainability/suswind/" target="_blank">SusWind</a> project, a consortium of companies launched in 2021 to “facilitate the recyclability of existing blade technologies, drive the use of more sustainable materials and processes, and develop new approaches based on circular design principles,” Sullivan said.

As the wind industry moves toward greater sustainability from end to end, Owens Corning’s efforts are ongoing, too. “We can make a major impact to the wind industry in helping tackle this challenge,” Sullivan said. “The goal is to take that fiber back and deliver recycled content fibers to build high-performing composites.” 

Image credit: <a href="https://unsplash.com/photos/JRUVbgJJTBM" target="_blank">Thomas Reaubourg</a>/Unsplash and Owens Corning

This article series is sponsored by Owens Corning and produced by the TriplePundit editorial team.

Images courtesy of Owens Corning

Solving the Wind Industry's Waste Problem

In the year since the enactment of the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), more than $270 billion in private investments flowed into more than 80 domestic clean energy projects and manufacturing facilities. This surpasses the cumulative investments made in such projects over the previous eight years. 

At the same time, individuals are capitalizing on IRA-incentivized opportunities to enhance the sustainability of their homes. However, due to a technicality, many homeowners are constrained from accessing one of the most sustainable sources of heating and cooling available today: geothermal heat pumps.

Heat pumps use electricity to move heat in and out of a space. Refrigerators and freezers use heat pumps, but many building managers and homeowners are turning to the devices to heat and cool buildings, too. 

Geothermal heat pumps rely on the steady temperature found underground to pull heat into the home during the winter and as a place to dump heat from inside a home to cool it. Ground loops — plastic pipes filled with water and antifreeze — facilitate the heat exchange. With system lifetimes of 50 to 100 years, ground loops can provide cost-effective clean energy to a building for the long term.

Due to <a href="https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/geothermal-energy/" target="_blank">various constraints</a> like location restrictions, its potential to cause small earthquakes, and high start-up costs, geothermal electricity production is only possible in a limited number of environments around the world. But geothermal heating and cooling can be installed anywhere. 

“In order to get fossil fuels out of homes and businesses, we need to move to heat pumps,” said Heather Deese, director of policy and regulatory affairs at Dandelion Energy, a supplier of geothermal heating and cooling systems. “There are higher upfront costs to install a ground loop, but the returns come quickly with lower heating and cooling bills.” 

Homeowners in many parts of the United States would save hundreds or thousands of dollars in energy bills with a switch to geothermal heating and cooling, but current regulation is hampering widespread adoption. 

“Individuals can get tax credits if a geothermal business puts a system on the property, but the business owner needs to be able to claim the tax credit in order to make this deal work. There is currently a question about their ability to claim the tax credit for the ground loop installed on a property,” Deese said. “In the past, due to government policies and priorities surrounding climate and clean energy, the IRS has provided safe harbor, to reassure third-party system owners that they won't try to catch them on a technical detail. That’s what we are looking for from the IRS now.” 

The U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) allows third-party ownership programs for people who want to install rooftop solar panels but do not want to purchase their own system and pay for installation. These programs allow companies to use homeowners’ roofs and pay them for the electricity that their solar panels produce. Today, a third of all U.S. rooftop solar installations are governed by a third-party ownership arrangement. Geothermal providers want the same considerations for their geothermal heating and cooling systems. 

An IRS safe harbor guidance for these systems on top of the tax credits available through the IRA would be a boon for clean energy, Deese said. “If we can unlock third-party ownership, we project 40 to 50 percent faster growth,” she said. “Which means 90,000 new geothermal drilling and HVAC installation jobs and 64 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions saved.”

While manufacturers are constantly innovating heat pumps for greater efficiencies, the beauty of the geothermal heating and cooling system is in its simplicity, Deese said.

“I am so enthusiastic about working in this industry because in some ways this really is low-tech,” she said. “The geothermal ground loop is literally number two plastic made into a loop in the ground, with water and a little bit of antifreeze that is circulated to either pick up heat from the ground or transfer heat to the ground. It can feel like magic.” 

Image credit: <a href="https://unsplash.com/photos/RFAHj4tI37Y" target="_blank">Dan LeFebvre</a>/Unsplash

The IRS Has the Power to Unlock the Future of Heat Pumps

Students in middle school today will build the technological breakthroughs that rival the science fiction of tomorrow. That future is built on the foundation of knowledge they gain now, yet many schools don’t have the funding for updated STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) programs. 

That’s where the San Francisco-based software giant Salesforce is stepping in. At a press event ahead of its annual Dreamforce conference in San Francisco last week, the company <a href="https://www.salesforce.com/news/press-releases/2023/09/11/salesforce-education-grant-2023-dreamforce/" target="_blank">announced</a> over $20 million in grants to support student success as new technology, like artificial intelligence, rapidly changes the future prospect of their careers. 

“As a tech company, we really start from a place of believing business can only really be successful if our communities are strong and our schools are strong,” Becky Ferguson, senior vice president of philanthropy at Salesforce and CEO of the Salesforce Foundation, told TriplePundit. “We know our future workforce is these young people today. How do we invest in and support their relevant learning and growth, so that they are set up for success?” 

School districts in San Francisco, Oakland, New York City, Chicago and Indianapolis received a total of $14 million. Workforce development and education nonprofits in the United States, France, Germany and the United Kingdom received a combined $6.8 million. 
<figure role="group"><img alt="Amy Weaver, the president and chief financial officer at Salesforce, speaks at the press event in San Francisco last week." data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="e74abfef-4357-42ea-b288-99f58a2ab836" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/SalesforceBacktoSchool_5.jpg" width="1500" height="1131" loading="lazy" /><figcaption>Amy Weaver, president and chief financial officer at Salesforce, speaks at George Washington High School in San Francisco last week. (Image: Taylor Haelterman)</figcaption></figure>A core focus of the program is providing STEM courses for middle school, but the recipients are in the driver’s seat when it comes to curriculum and policy decisions, Ferguson said. Funding use varies widely from advanced high-school courses and tutoring to preparing teachers to deliver relevant lessons. 

Students at George Washington High School in San Francisco, for example, can join a robotics program that competes with other schools around the country or an English class about science fiction and how technology like AI impacts the world. Students in Chicago can start earning college credits while in high school. And youth in the nonprofit workforce development programs can gain in-demand skills and career experience without needing to pursue a college degree.  
  
Accessing these opportunities early in life can spark interest, open new doors, and help young people envision different opportunities for themselves, Ferguson said. 

“We could probably all think back to when we were in middle school or high school and a teacher we had, or a course, or a thing you got to be a part of, was just like that little lightbulb,” she said. “When you look back like, ‘Wow, that really helped me go down a different path, or helped me think differently about myself and what I could see myself doing.’ So, we're hoping that we're igniting a lot of those different moments for a really diverse set of students.”

Student needs have changed a lot since Salesforce’s education grant program started in San Francisco 11 years ago. One of the biggest challenges isn’t the innovation itself but building enough trust that partners feel comfortable having honest conversations about what’s working and what isn’t, Ferguson said. The company wants to meet the areas of greatest need for each grant recipient, and that requires listening to them and evolving the program. 

“What we might have supported in the first year has grown and looks very different over time, as we adapt to the needs and realities of our partners and the challenges facing schools and young people,” she said. “Some of the early work was just about helping schools get wired to have internet access in the classroom, and then an acknowledgment of . . . that alone is not sufficient.”  

Today, at least 25,000 students (<a href="https://www.salesforce.com/news/press-releases/2023/09/11/salesforce-education-grant-2023-dreamforce/" target="_blank">about 50 percent</a>) in the San Francisco Unified School District have taken one or more computer science courses, according to Salesforce. And enrollment in computer science courses for Black, Latinx and Indigenous students has tripled.

The students taking these courses are a reflection of the diverse student body population, Ferguson said. Leveling the playing field that way is crucial to unlock opportunities for everyone, regardless of race or gender. 

Grants from Salesforce also allow the Oakland Unified School District to retain high-performing, diverse teachers, the company says. The district’s middle schools are at their lowest staff vacancy rate in four years. 
<figure role="group"><img alt="The football field at George Washington High School in San Francisco overlooks the Golden Gate Bridge." data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="f5a9f580-2af8-45f9-be42-95535b91d288" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/SalesforceBacktoSchool_2.jpg" width="1500" height="1000" loading="lazy" /><figcaption>The football field at George Washington High School in San Francisco overlooking the Golden Gate Bridge. (Image: Taylor Haelterman)</figcaption></figure>And George Washington High School was able to overcome its biggest challenge to implementing this type of program — funding, John Schlauraff, the school’s principal, told TriplePundit. Programs like robotics, which requires a lot of funding and new materials every year, might not exist without these grants. 

One thing educators don’t have to be concerned about is student interest. 

“Our students are very excited to be involved with this new wave of AI,” Schlauraff said. “We have a lot of ways to expose students to AI and technology. I think they find their niche at the school.” 

*Travel and accommodations in San Francisco were provided by Salesforce. Neither the author nor TriplePundit were required to write about the experience.

Way More Than WiFi: This Program Upskills Students in Robotics and AI

Social entrepreneurs play a vital role in developing innovative approaches to address pressing social issues. Public policy designed to further this work can help push progress forward faster, experts say. 

“Policy can hold social innovation back if we just keep funding the same programs over and over again without asking whether the programs are actually effective, and are they actually achieving the desired results for those who need them most,” said Deborah Smolover, managing partner of <a href="https://www.newprofit.org/" target="_blank">New Profit</a> and executive director of <a href="https://www.americaforward.org/" target="_blank">America Forward</a>. 

America Forward, a nonpartisan initiative of the venture philanthropy fund New Profit, works to help social entrepreneurs and policymakers find common ground and shape legislation that encourages the creation of effective and equitable solutions.

Government funding “enormously outweighs and exceeds” private funding for social and human services, so how the government allocates that funding is critically important, Smolover said. 

Further, policy can hinder social innovation if it’s focused on outputs rather than outcomes. For example, if a workforce development or economic mobility program measures the number of graduates but doesn’t measure outcomes — such as whether those graduates land good-paying jobs that enable them to improve their living conditions — it becomes difficult to measure the program’s effectiveness and the impact of the government funding. 

“We believe that these leaders who are closest to communities and who are closest to the problems have deep expertise, and utilizing that expertise to craft programs and policy solutions can vastly improve public policy,” Smolover said. “Put simply, they know what works, and the power of this expertise is greatest when social innovators collaborate with one another in communities to create policy solutions together.”

America Forward’s creation is rooted in comments by former White House advisor David Gergen, who served in the administrations of presidents from both major parties. Gergen said the potential impact of social entrepreneurs was deterred because the people who were “deeply invested” in effecting social change were overlooking the policies and systems in which their work happened.

“Essentially, by not engaging with government, social entrepreneurs were missing an enormous opportunity for impact, and this really resonated with our social innovation community,” Smolover said. “What I think we’re seeing now is more and more social innovation, and organizations are really interested in policy and advocacy work.” 

Since its inception about 15 years ago, America Forward grew into a coalition of more than 120 social innovation organizations reaching 9 million people in more than 15,000 communities nationwide. To date, the America Forward network has leveraged nearly $2 billion and directed millions of federal resources toward programs that are achieving measurable results for those who need them most.

In recent years, nonprofit organizations have slowed their lobbying of policymakers, Smolover said. That's not because lobbying is viewed as less important, but because many nonprofits lack the necessary resources and access to advocacy, training, support and tools. 

“That is why we believe our work at the America Forward Coalition is so vitally important and so valued among our social entrepreneurs because, by advocating together, they’re both more powerful and more efficient,” Smolover said. “We have tried to meet that need by offering more trainings through our America Forward Advocacy Institute, which is basically designed to help social entrepreneurs become better, bolder advocates.” 

The institute saw a record number of requests for training in this past year, she said. The exceedingly polarized political landscape in the U.S. highlights the urgency of finding common ground to address social problems.

“We are a non-partisan initiative seeking bipartisan policy solutions with a team that is very diverse along many dimensions, including prior experience working on both sides of the aisle,” Smolover said. “We know that to get policy passed, we need to be able to cultivate a diverse group of champions across many different ideologies and political points of view. We’ve been able to do that time and time again in every administration, in every Congress, with varying makeups.” 

America Forward’s successes include spearheading the creation of the <a href="https://home.treasury.gov/services/social-impact-partnerships/sippra-pay-for-results" target="_blank">Social Impact Partnerships to Pay for Results Act</a>, a $100 million pay-for-success demonstration fund administered by the Department of the Treasury. It invests in innovative state and local partnerships that compensate providers on the basis of measurable improvements in people’s lives, from expanding workers’ earnings to reducing child abuse and neglect. 

The coalition was also instrumental in the creation of the Social Innovation Fund, which invested more than $400 million in locally driven, evidence-based innovations in partnership with intermediaries across the nation.

Now, America Forward is working with representatives on both sides of the aisle to generate support for key provisions of those bills, the Workforce Development Innovation Fund, and the RESET for America’s Future Act, in larger reauthorizations that are moving forward.

“It’s not that every mentoring organization or economic mobility organization has the same viewpoint or has the same proposed solution,” Smolover said. “We’ve become very adept at working with different viewpoints within our coalition. And then, working to find not the least common denominator, but those sets of common principles that all of our organizations can agree on, and come up with a narrative that we feel can reach leaders of varying political ideologies.”

Image credit: <a href="https://unsplash.com/photos/P8rgDtEFn7s" target="_blank">Ian Hutchinson</a>/Unsplash

Innovating Across the Aisle Solves Social Issues 

Food production generates a third of greenhouse gas emissions, but spending to reengineer farming practices has yet to reach the levels needed to slow global warming, experts said at the <a href="https://www.concordia.net/annualsummit/2023-annual-summit/" target="_blank">Concordia Summit</a> in New York City this week. 
  
Climate-smart agriculture is on the agenda for the United Nations climate conference, COP28, in November, and sustainable development professionals in New York got a preview. 
  
“Right now, the food system … is about a third of the emissions. Business-as-usual takes it to being, by far, the largest source of emissions by mid-century unless we do something,” said Michael Doane, global managing director of food and freshwater systems for the Nature Conservancy. 
  
Far from a future threat, Doane pointed to a climate-related 20 percent reduction in food productivity and a correlating 50 percent rise in food prices worldwide since 2000. 
  
“We need to reinvest in better seeds, better inputs, but also reinvest in nature. That’s the opportunity,” Doane said, pointing to the conservancy's long-term research partnership <a href="https://www.nature.org/en-us/newsroom/usda-grant-methane-dairy-operations/" target="_blank">with the U.S. Department of Agriculture</a> and an <a href="https://www.restaurantbusinessonline.com/financing/mcdonalds-working-nature-conservancy-target-cargill-sustainable-beef" target="_blank">initiative with McDonald’s</a> to improve beef production practices in Nebraska. 
  
Doane joined Chavonda Jacobs-Young, undersecretary for research, education and economics and the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s chief scientist, in applauding <a href="https://www.fsa.usda.gov/news-room/news-releases/2022/biden-harris-administration-announces-an-additional-325-million-in-pilot-projects-through-partnerships-for-climate-smart-commodities-for-total-investment-of-3-1-billion" target="_blank">sharply higher federal funding</a> for food and agriculture while cautioning that more spending is needed across the globe. 
  
“We have over 700 million people in the world today who don’t have enough to eat,” Jacobs-Young said, adding that <a href="https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/population#:~:text=The%20world%20population%20is%20projected,surrounding%20these%20latest%20population%20projections." target="_blank">by 2050</a>, there will be 2 billion more mouths to feed.  “The numbers are staggering.” 
  
The 20-year USDA veteran said centuries of data on regenerative agriculture can be applied to producing more food while using less water and safeguarding soil, including no-till farming for crops and biomass fermentation for proteins. 
  
“The practices exist,” she said. “Our producers need resources. They have to be able to make money.” 
  
Ahead of the COP28 climate talks in Dubai, 53 countries and 500 companies and partners have <a href="https://www.usda.gov/media/press-releases/2023/05/08/aim-climate-summit-opens-global-food-systems-innovation-and-climate" target="_blank">pledged $13 billion</a> to a climate-smart agriculture coalition, <a href="https://www.aimforclimate.org" target="_blank">AIM for Climate</a>, started by the United States and United Arab Emirates to boost investment and innovation in agriculture by 2025.   
  
“One of the things that became clear this week in many conversations is how little the ag sector is getting in climate financing,” said Jon Banner, chief impact officer for <a href="https://corporate.mcdonalds.com/corpmcd/our-purpose-and-impact/our-planet/climate-action.html" target="_blank">McDonald’s</a>, who moderated the <a href="https://www.concordialive.com/AnnualSummit23/speaker/898899/jon-banner" target="_blank">Concordia Summit</a> panel. “There’s anywhere from $300 billion to $600 billion in climate financing, and only 3 to 6 percent is going toward agriculture.” 
  
With a presence in 120 countries, Banner said McDonald’s feeds 65 million people and is committed to using the company’s scale for good. 
  
“We know the benefits of climate-smart agriculture. We know the benefits of renewable electricity in trying to decarbonize the world.  We’re all trying to keep global warming to 1.5 degrees. We know that to feed a global population, that’s no small task.”

Image credit: <a href="https://unsplash.com/photos/ruQHpukrN7c" target="_blank">Francesco Gallarotti</a>/Unsplash

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Innovating Across the Aisle Solves Social Issues

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We report the business case for sustainability.

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